🌐 What is Web Hosting?

Web Hosting is A service that provides space on the Internet to store your website.
Simply put, it is like:

• 💻 website = home
• 🗂️ Web files Such as images, web pages, code = furniture
• 🏠 Web Hosting = Land or space for placing a house online

If there is no Hosting → Your website will have no place for people to visit.

🛠️ So what does Hosting do for us?

• ✅ Save website files
• ✅ Make your website online and accessible through your browser
• ✅ Connect to a domain name (website name)
• ✅ There are management systems such as database, email, security, etc.

📦 How many types of web hosting are there? What are they❓

🧐 There are many types of Web Hosting such as:

1. 🏠 What is Shared Hosting?

Shared Hosting = Hosting at You share server space with multiple other websites.

🛏️ It's like "living in a dorm" or "living in a flat where you share a kitchen and bathroom."
That is, you are not alone. There are multiple websites shared on the same device.

2. 🖥️ What is VPS Hosting?

VPS Abbreviated from Virtual Private Server Or directly translated as “virtual private server”

• 📦 VPS Hosting = Dividing a large server into multiple “sub-servers”.
• Each person will get their own private space, no need to share with others like with Shared Hosting.

🏠 Compare and visualize:

• Shared Hosting = Living in a shared room, sharing everything with other people.
• VPS Hosting = Living in my own condo, with a private room, separate electricity, water, and internet systems.
• Dedicated Hosting = I rent the whole building and live alone. 😄

✅ Advantages of VPS Hosting:

1. Personal resources 🧠
   The CPU, RAM, and Storage you get = are yours alone, no need to share with anyone.
2. More stable and faster than Shared Hosting
   Suitable for websites with a lot of visitors or serious businesses.
3. More control
   You can install the software yourself, restart the server yourself, and customize the system as you wish.
4. Easy to expand resources
   If the website grows, you can immediately add CPU/RAM/Storage without having to move the server.

⚠️ Things you should know:

1. ❌ Some server knowledge is required.
   Especially if it is an unmanaged VPS (must manage everything yourself, such as installing the system, setting up security)
2. 💰 More expensive than Shared Hosting
   But it is still cheaper than renting an entire server (Dedicated Hosting).

3. ☁️ What is Cloud Hosting?

Cloud Hosting It is a hosting service that uses Multiple servers connected together as a group (Cloud) To make the website fast, stable and support a large number of users.

• 💡 If Shared Hosting = stay in a dorm
• VPS = Condo
• Cloud Hosting = Live in a smart home with a complete backup system for power, water, and internet! 🏡⚡

✅ Advantages of Cloud Hosting:

1. Very stable 🔒
   If one server goes down, your website still works because the system immediately distributes the load to the other servers.
2. Scalable 🚀
   If the website has more visitors → Increase CPU, RAM, Storage immediately in real-time.
3. So fast!!! ⚡
   Because it uses multiple devices to help process + intelligent traffic management
4. Safer
   Cloud systems often have good firewalls, backups, and DDoS protection.
5. Pay as you go (Some) 💸
   For example, if you use a little, pay a little. If you use a lot, pay more. You don't have to pay a lump sum like with Shared/VPS.

⚠️ Things to know before using Cloud Hosting:

• 💰 Higher price Shared Hosting but “worth it” if your website is important
• 🛠 Some services may require some technical knowledge (but some have a team to manage it).

4. 🖥️ What is Dedicated Hosting?

Dedicated Hosting It is a rental. 1 full server To be used solely for your website.

💡 Simple comparison:

• Shared Hosting = Dormitory, sharing a room with other people
• VPS = Condo with private space but still in the same building.
• Dedicated Hosting = Single house! 🏠 The whole house is yours, no one will share it.

✅ Advantages of Dedicated Hosting:

1. Maximum efficiency 💪
   CPU, RAM, Storage all = yours alone
2. The website is very powerful and stable. ⚡
   Because no one is competing to use the resources.
3. Absolutely safe 🔒
   No other websites will share your device with you, reducing security risks.
4. 100% system control
   You can install anything you want, customize the server in any way you want (Root Access)
5. Suitable for very large websites such as
   • Websites with a large number of concurrent users
   • Online games
   • Real-time booking/trading system

⚠️ Dedicated Hosting Limitations:

1. 💸 expensive!
   Starting at thousands to tens of thousands of baht/month because you rent the entire machine.
2. 🧠 Must have technical knowledge
   If it is not a managed server, you have to take care of the server yourself, such as installing the OS, adjusting the firewall, and managing security.

5. 📧 What is Email Hosting ❓

Email Hosting It is a service that provides a space and system for managing email for businesses or individuals, where users can use their own domains (such as yourname@yourcompany.com) to send and receive emails, without having to rely on a common free email service (such as Gmail or Yahoo).

When you use Email Hosting You will get these:

1. Email storage: You will have space to store sent and outgoing emails, such as inbox, sent items, drafts, etc.
2. Private email domains: You can use your own domain name (e.g. @yourcompany.com) instead of using a free email service with a provider's domain name (e.g. @gmail.com).
3. Security and additional features: Email hosting services often include features that help secure email use, such as anti-spam protection, data encryption, and the ability to connect to applications such as Microsoft Outlook or mobile email apps.

Examples of services Email Hosting namely:

• Google Workspace (formerly G Suite): A service from Google that lets you use Gmail with your own domain.
• Microsoft 365: A service from Microsoft that lets you use Outlook with your own domain.
• Zoho Mail: Email service suitable for small businesses

Why use Email Hosting?

• If you're a business or organization, using a professional-looking email domain (like info@yourcompany.com) can help build credibility for your business.
• It helps to make email management more systematic and has features that support enterprise-grade usage such as calendar sharing, archiving, and accessing email data from multiple devices.

What is the difference between Cloud Hosting and Shared Hosting?

🗂️ What is a database?

Database (Database) is Organized storage On the computer
Used to store, manage and retrieve various data that websites or apps require.

SSD and NVMe SSD Easy to understand

What is SSD (Solid State Drive)?

SSD is Storage devices Used Semiconductor chip To store data instead of the old rotating hard disk drive (HDD)

📦 Easy comparison:

• HDD = rotating platter (like a record player)
• SSD = Digital storage (no moving parts)

Advantages of SSD:

1. Several times faster than HDD 🚀
   Because there are no rotating parts
2. More durable 💪
   No moving parts, low risk of damage
3. Silence 🔇
   No rotation of the plate
4. Consumes less power ⚡
   More energy efficient than HDD

What is NVMe SSD?

NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) is The technology used to communicate data between SSD and computer. This makes NVMe SSDs much faster than traditional SSDs. HOURS or SAS port

📦 Compare:

• SSD SATA = Just like driving on a normal road
• SSD NVMe = Like driving on a faster expressway 🚗💨Compare:

Advantages of NVMe SSDs:

1. Maximum speed 🚀
   Read/write data several times faster (can reach 3500 MB/s or more)
2. Reduce latency ⏱️
   Ideal for high-speed applications such as working with large files, playing games, or doing graphics work.
3. Improved performance for multi-app usage
   Improved support for reading/writing multiple data simultaneously

🔧 The difference between SSD and NVMe SSD:

💡 summarize:

• SSD (SATA) Suitable for general use, such as starting up your computer faster, storing files, or operating systems.
• NVMe SSD Suitable for applications that require maximum speed, such as gaming, graphics work, or processing large amounts of data.

What is the difference between Data Transfer and Bandwidth? ❓

📦 What is Data Transfer?

• Units: Usually measured in GB or TB per month
• It's similar to a mobile phone package that says "50GB of internet per month".

💡 The more people visit the website or Large web content (e.g. lots of images/videos) The more you use Data Transfer

🚀 What is Bandwidth?

• Units: Usually measured in Mbps (Megabits per second) or Gbps
• Similar to home internet speed, such as “speed 100 Mbps”

🌐 What is a CDN?

CDN Abbreviated from Content Delivery Network
is Network of servers Spread across the world to help Deliver data from websites faster Especially for users who are far from the main server.

💡 Give a visual example:

Let’s say your website is on a server located in “Singapore”.
But there are people from "France" who come to use it.

if No CDN:
France has to load the web from a server that is very far away → The web is slow and takes a long time to load 🐢

if Have CDN:
CDN will send data from “server closest to France” → Fast web! 🚀

🧩 How does CDN work?

1. 📦 Keep a copy of your website files Such as images, CSS, JS, videos, etc.
2. 🌍 Distribute these files to servers around the world. (called edge servers)
3. 👤 When someone visits the website → CDN delivers the file from the point closest to the user.
   → Reduce web loading time = faster web!

✅ Advantages of using CDN:

📌 Examples of popular CDN providers:

• Cloudflare 🌩️ (Free and very easy to use)
• Amazon CloudFront (AWS)
• Smart
• Fastly
• BunnyCDN

What is a web server and how does it work? ❓

Web Server It is a program or computer that provides data transfer services between a server and a client (or user) via the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) or HTTPS (HTTP Secure) protocol. A web server typically performs the following functions:

1. Receive requests from browser (client) – When a user visits a website through a browser (e.g. Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari), the browser sends an HTTP request to the web server to request website data such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, or other files.
2. Process requests and return data – The web server processes the requests received, such as searching for the requested files, or if a server-side script (e.g. PHP, Python, Ruby) is used, it processes data from the database and sends the results back to the browser.
3. Reply information – After processing the request, the web server sends the appropriate information back to the user’s browser, such as the website window the user wants to access.

Examples of Web Server namely:

• Apache HTTP Server: One of the most widely used web servers.
• Nginx: A high-performance web server that is popularly used to support large volumes of traffic.
• Microsoft IIS (Internet Information Services): Web server developed by Microsoft.

Technically, a web server typically consists of:

• Hardware: A computer with web server software installed.
• Software: Software that manages the transmission of data and responds to user requests.

📘 Basic Web Hosting Terminology

📘 Web Hosting and Website Terminology (Additional)